Discover your infinite potential with the most advanced personal and mind development tool in existence

RESEARCH PAPERS FOR FURTHER READING

The benefits from brainwave entrainment have been demonstrated for decades by hundreds of rigorous scientific studies conducted by all major Universities worldwide.

Work by Judith Becker, Ph.D.:


Rapture: Religious Ecstatics and Deep Listeners .pdf, 2.2 MB


Work by Dan Levitin, Ph.D:


Music of the Hemispheres: Wired for Sound (NY Times) .pdf, 1.9 MB


Reference


drian, E. D. & Matthews, B. H. (1934). The Berger rhythm: Potential changes from the occipital lobes in man. Brain, 57, 355-385.

Anand, B. K., Chhina, G. S., & Singh, B. (1961). Some aspects of electroencephalographic studies in yogis. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 13, 452-456.

Ancoli, S., & Green, K. F. (1977). Authoritarianism, introspection, and alpha wave biofeedback training. Psychophysiology, 14, 40-44.

Andreychuk, T., & Skriver, C. (1975). Hypnosis and biofeedback in the treatment of migraine headache. International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis, 23, 172-183.

Aranibar, A., & Pfurtscheller, G. (1978). On and off effects in the background EEG activity during one- second photic stimulation. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 44, 307-316.

Atwater, F. H. (1988). The Monroe Institute's Hemi- Sync process: A theoretical perspective. Faber, VA: Monroe Institute.

Bagchi, B. K., & Wenger, M. A. (1958). Simultaneous EEG and other recordings during some yogic practices. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 10, 193.

Banquet, J. P. (1972). EEG and meditation. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 33, 454.

Banquet, J. P. (1973). Spectral analysis of the EEG in meditation. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 35, 143-151.

Bear. (1977). Efficacy of alpha biofeedback training in elevating mood. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 45, 334.

Benson, H. (1975). The relaxation response. New York: Morrow.

Bermer, F. "Cerebral and cerebellar potentials." Physiological Review, 38, 357-388.

Blundell, G. G. (undated). The meaning of EEG. London: Audio Ltd.

Brolund, J. W., & Schallow, J. R. (1976). The effects of reward on occipital alpha facilitation by biofeedback. Psychophysiology, 13, 236-241.

Brown, B. B. (1970). Recognition of aspects of consciousness through association with EEG alpha activity represented by a light signal. Psychophysiology, 6, 442-452.

Brown, B. B. (1974). New mind new body. New York: Harper and Row.

Cade, C. M., & Coxhead, N. (1979). The awakened mind. Longmead, Great Britain: Element Books. Caton, R. (1875). The electric currents of the brain. British Medical Journal, 2, 278.

Cohen, M. J., McArthur, D. L., & Rickles, W. H. (1980). Comparison of four biofeedback treatments for migraine headache: Psychological and headache variables. Psychosomatic Medicine, 42, 463-480.

Cott, A., Pavloski, R. P., & Goldman, J. A. (1981). Cortical alpha rhythm, biofeedback, and the determinants of subjective state. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 110, 381-397.

Davidson, R. J., Schwartz, G. E., & Shapiro, D. (1980). Consciousness and self-regulation: Advances in research. (Vol. 3). New York: Plenum Press.

Degood, D. E., & Valle, R. S. (1975). A state-trait analysis of alpha density and personality variables in a normal population. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 31, 624-631.

Dewan, E. M. (1967). Occipital alpha rhythm, eye position, and lens accommodation. Nature, 214, 975-977.

Dobie, R. A., & Norton, S. J. (1980). Binaural interaction in human auditory evoked potentials. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 49, 303-313.

Empson, J. (1986). Human brainwaves: The psychological significance of the electroencephalogram. New York: Stockton Press.

Engstrom, D. R., London, P., & Hart, J. T. (1970). Hypnotic susceptibility increased by EEG alpha training. Nature, 227, 1261-1262.

Evans, F. J. (1972). Hypnosis and sleep: Techniques for exploring cognitive acitvity during sleep. In E. Fromm & R. E. Shor (Eds.), Hypnosis: Research developments and perspectives. Chicago: Aldine- Atherton.

Galbraith, G. C., London, P., Leibovitz, M. P., Cooper, L. M., & Hart, J. T. (1970). EEG and hypnotic susceptibility. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 72, 125-131.

Gerken, G. M., Moushegian, G., Stillman, R. D., & Rupert, A. L. (1975). Human frequency-following responses to monaural and binaural stumuli. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 38, 379-386.

Giannitrapani, D. (1985). The electrophysiology of intellectual functions. New York: Karger.

Glaser, G. H. (1963). EEG and behavior. New York: Basic Books.

Goesling, W. J. (1974). Relationship between internal and external locus of control and the operant conditioning of alpha through biofeedback training. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 39, 1339- 1343.

Goldberg, R. J., Greenwood, J. C., & Taintor, Z. (1976). Alpha conditioning as an adjunct treatment for drug dependence: I. International Journal of the Addictions, 11, 1085-1089.

Goodman, D. M. (1976). The effect of oculomotor activity on alpha-blocking in the absence of visual stimuli. Psychophysiology, 13, 462-465.

Green, E. E., Green, A. M., & Walters, E. D. (1970). Voluntary control of internal states: psychological and physiological. Journal of Transpersonal Psychology, 2, 1-25.

Hardt, J. V., & Kamiya, J. (1976). Some comments on Plotkin's self-regulation of electroencephalographic alpha. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 105, 100-108.

Hardt, J. V., & Kamiya, J. (1978). Anxiety change through electroencephalograph alpha feedback seen only in high anxiety subjects. Science, 201, 79-81.

Hartman, L. M., & Ainsworth, K. D. (1980). Self- regulation of chronic pain: Preliminary empirical findings. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 25, 38-43. Instruction manual for the hemi-sync synthesizer model 201B. (undated). Nellysford, VA: Interstate Industries.

Holmes, D. S., Burish, T. G., & Frost, R. O. (1980). Effects of instructions and biofeedback on EEG alpha production and the effects of EEG alpha biofeedback training for controlling arousal in a subsequent stressful situation. Journal of Research in Personality, 14, 212-223.

Honorton, C., Davidson, R., & Bindler, P. (1972). Shifts in subjective state associated with feed- back augmented EEG alpha. Psychophysiology, 9, 262.

Hord, D. J., Lubin, A., Tracy, M. L. Jensma, B. W., & Johnson, L. C. (1976). Feedback for high EEG alpha does not maintain performance or mood during sleep loss. Psychophysiology, 13, 58-62.

Hutchison, M. (1986). Megabrain: New tools and techniques for brain growth and mind expansion. New York: Beech Tree Books.

Inouye, T., Shinosaki, K., Yagasaki, A., & Shimizu, A. (1986). Spatial distribution of generators of alpha activity. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 63, 353-360.

Inouye, T., Sumitsuji, N. & Matsumoto, K. (1980). EEG changes induced by light stimuli modulated with the subject's alpha rhythm. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 49, 135-142.

Jackson, G. M., & Eberly, D. A. (1982). Facilitation of performance on an arithmetic task as a result of the application of a biofeedback procedure to suppress alpha wave activity. Biofeedback and Self-Regulation, 7, 211-221.

Jasper, H. H. (1958). Report of the committee of methods of clinical examination in electroencephalography. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 10, 370.

Johnson, R. K., & Meyer, R. G. (1974a). Phased biofeedback approach for epileptic seizure control. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 5, 185-187.

Johnson, R. K., & Meyer, R. G. (1974b). The locus of control construct in EEG alpha rhythm feedback. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 42,913.

Kamiya, J. (1969). Operant control of the EEG alpha rhythm and some of its reported effects on consciousness. In C. T. Tart (Ed.), Altered states of consciousness (pp. 519-529). Garden City, N. Y.: Anchor Books.

Kasamatsu, A., & Hirai, T. (1969). An electroencephalographic study on the zen meditation (Zazen). In C. T. Tart (Ed.), Altered states of consciousness (pp. 501-514). Garden City, N.Y.: Anchor Books.

Kirk, R. E. (1982). Experimental design: Procedures for the behavioral sciences. (2nd ed.). Monterey, CA: Brooks/Cole.

Klinger, E., Gregoire, K. C., & Barta, S. G. (1973). Physiological correlates of mental activity: Eye movements, alpha, and heart rate during imaging, suppression, concentration, search, and choice. Psychophysiology, 10, 471-477.

Kondo, C. Y., Travis, T. A., & Knott, J. R. (1973). Initial abundance and amplitude of alpha as determinants of performance in an enhancement paradigm. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 35, 106.

Kondo, C. Y., Travis, T. A., Knott, J. R., & Bean, J. A. (1979). Effects of true and inverted feedback on integrated occipital alpha. Journal of Psychology, 102, 101-106.

Leib, W., Tryon, W. W., & Stroebel, C. S. (1976). Alpha biofeedback: Fact or artifact? Psychophysiology, 13, 541-545.

London, P., Hart, J. T., & Leibovitz, M. P. (1968). EEG alpha rhythms and susciptibility to hypnosis. Nature, 219, 71-72.

Lindholm, E., & Lowry, S. (1978). Alpha production in humans under conditions of false feedback. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 11, 106-108.

Lindsley, D. B. (1952). Psychological phenomenon and the electroencephalogram. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 4, 443.

Ludlam, W. H. (1981). Visual electrophysiology and reading/learning difficulties. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 14, 587-590.

Lynch, J. L., Paskewitz, D. A., & Orne, M. T. (1974). Inter-session stability of human alpha rhythm densities. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 36, 538-540.

Malmo, R. B. (1959). Activation: A neuropsychological dimension. Psychology Review, 66, 367.

Mandelzys, N., Lane, E. B., & Marceau, R. (1981). The relationship of violence to alpha levels in a biofeedback training paradigm. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 37, 202-209.

Marshall, M. S., & Bentler, P. M. (1976). The effects of deep physical relaxation and low- frequency-alpha brainwaves on alpha subjective reports. Psychophysiology, 13, 505-516.

Martindale, C. (1978). Creativity, consciousness, and cortical arousal. Journal of Altered States of Consciousness, 3, 69-87.

Martindale, C., & Armstrong, J. (1974). The relationship of creativity to cortical activation and its operant control. Journal of Genetic Psychology, 124, 311-320.

Martindale, C., & Hines, D. (1975). Creativity and cortical activation during creative, intellectual and EEG feedback tasks. Biological Psychology, 3, 91-100. Melzack, R., & Perry, C. (1975). Self- regulation of pain: The use of alpha-feedback and hypnotic training for the control of chronic pain. Experimental Neurology, 46, 452-569.

Mikuriya, T. H. (1979). Interhemispheric alpha rhythm synchronization: A voluntary altered state of consciousness. American Journal of Clinical Biofeedback, 2, 22-25.

Mills, G. K., & Solyom, L. (1974). Biofeedback of EEG alpha in the treatment of obsessive ruminations: An exploration. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 5, 37-41.

Moushegian, G., Rupert, A. L., & Stillman, R. D. (1978). Evaluation of frequency-following potentials in man: Masking and clinical studies. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 45, 711-718.

Mulholland, T., & Evans, C. R. (1966). Oculomotor function and the alpha activation cycle. Nature, 211, 1278-1279.

Neher, A. (1961). Auditory driving observed with electrodes in normal subjects. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 13, 449-451.

Nogawa, T., Katayama, K., Tabata, Y., & Ohshio, T. (1976). Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 40, 78-88.

Norusis, M. J. (1988). SPSS-X advanced statistics guide. (2nd. ed.) Chicago: SPSS Inc.

Nowak, S. M., & Marczynski, T. J. (1981). Trait anxiety is reflected in EEG alpha response to stress. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 52, 175-191.

Nowlis, D. P., & Kamiya, J. (1970). The control of electroencephalographic alpha rhythms through auditory feedback and the associated mental activity. Psychophysiology, 6, 476-484.

Nowlis, D. P., & Rhead, J. C. (1968). Relation of eyes-closed resting EEG alpha activity to hypnotic susceptibility. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 27, 1047-1050.

Nowlis, D. P., & Wortz, E. C. (1973). Control of the ratio of midline parietal to midline frontal EEG alpha rhythms through auditory feedback. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 37, 815-824.

Orne, M. T., & Paskewitz, D. A. (1974). Aversive situational effects on alpha feedback training. Science, 186, 458-460.

Oster, G. (1973). Auditory beats in the brain. Scientific American, 229, 94-102.

Paskewitz, D. A., & Orne, M. T. (1973). Visual effects on alpha feedback training. Science, 181, 360-363.

Pelletier, K. R., & Peper, E. (1977). Developing a biofeedback model: Alpha EEG feedback as a means for pain control. The International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis, 25, 361-371.

Peniston, E. G., & Kulkosky, P. J. (1989). Alpha- theta brainwave training and beta-endorphin levels in alcoholics. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 13, 271-279.

Picton, T. W., Woods, D. L., & Proulx, G. B. (1978). Human auditory sustained potentials. I. The nature of the response. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 45, 186-197.

Picton, T. W., Woods, D. L., & Proulx, G. G. (1978). Human auditory sustained potentials. II. Stimulus relations. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 45, 198-210.

Plotkin, W. B. (1976a). Appraising the ephemeral alpha phenomenon: A reply to Hardt and Kamiya. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 105, 109-121.

Plotkin, W. B. (1976b). On the self-regulation of the occipital alpha rhythm: Control strategies, states of consciousness, and the role of physiological feedback. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 105, 66-99.

Plotken, W. B. (1978). Long-term eyes-closed alpha-enhancement training: Effects on alpha amplitudes and on experiential state. Psychophysiology, 15, 40-52.

Plotkin, W. B. (1979). The alpha experience revisited: Biofeedback in the transformation of psychological state. Psychological Bulletin, 86, 1132-1148.

Plotkin, W. B., & Cohen, R. (1976). Occipital alpha and the attributes of the "alpha experience." Psychophysiology, 13, 16-21.

Plotkin, W. B., Mazer, C., & Loewy, D. (1976). Alpha enhancement and the likelihood of an alpha experience. Psychophysiology, 13, 466-471.

Plotkin, W. B., & Rice, K. M. (1981). Biofeedback as a placebo: Anxiety reduction facilitated by training in either suppression or enhancement of alpha brainwaves. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 49, 590-596.

Potolicchio, S. J., Zukerman, A. S., & Chernigovskaya, N. V. (1979). Feedback control of human alpharhythm from the central area. Biofeedback and Self-Regulation, 4, 211-219.

Pressner, J. A., & Savitsky, J. C. (1977). Effect of contingent and noncontingent feedback and subject expectancies on electroencephalographic biofeedback training. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 45, 713-714.

Prewett, M. J., & Adams, H. E. (1976). Alpha activity suppression and enhancement as a function of feedback and instructions. Psychophysiology, 13, 307-310.

Rao, K. R., & Feola, J. (1979). Electrical activity of the brain and ESP: An exploratory study of alpha rhythm and ESP scoring. Journal of Indian Psychology, 2, 118-133.

Regan, D. (1966). Some characteristics of average steady-state and transient responses evoked by modulated light. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 20, 238-248.

Robinson, S. (1974). Relationship between EEG and behavior. In T. M. Itil (Ed.), Psychotropic drugs and the human EEG. Modern problems in pharmacopsychiatry: Vol. 8. Clinical EEG correlations (pp. 286-300). New York: Turan M. Itil.

Rockstroh, B., Birbaumer, N., Elbert, T., & Lutzenberger, W. (1984). Operant control of EEG and event-related and slow brain potentials. Biofeedback and Self-Regulation, 9, 139-160.

Rouse, L., Peterson, J., & Shapiro, G. (1975). EEG alpha entrainment reaction within the biofeedback setting and some possible effects on epilepsy. Physiological Psychology, 3, 113-122.

Saul, J. J., David, H., & Davis, P. A. (1949). Psychologic correlations with the electroencephalogram. Psychosomatic Medicine, 11, 361.

Schwartz, G. E., & Shapiro, D. (Eds.). (1976). Consciousness and self-regulation: Advances in research. (Vol. 1). New York: Plenum Press.

Schwibbe, M., Bruell, A., & Becker, D. (1981). Peak centered power spectra: A successful attempt to calculate efficient parameters in the alpha range of EEG. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 52, 497-500.

Smith, J. C., Marsh, J. T., & Brown, W. S. (1975). Far-field recorded FFR's: Evidence for the locus of brainstem sources. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 39, 465-472.

Smith, J. C., Marsh, J. T., Greenberg, S., & Brown, W. S. (1978). Human auditory frequency-following responses to a missing fundamental. Science, 201, 639-641.

Sohmer, H., Pratt, H., & Kinarti, R. (1977). Sources of frequency following responses (FFR) in man. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 42, 656-664.

Sterman, M. B. (1973). Neurophysiological and clinical studies of sensorimotor EEG biofeedback training: Some effects on epilepsy. Seminars in Psychiatry, 5, 507-525.

Stewart, R. A. (1974). Self-realization as the basis psychotherapy: A look at two Eastern-based practices, transcendental meditation and alpha brain wave biofeedback. Social Behavior and Personality, 2, 191-200.

Stillman, R. D., Crow, G., & Moushegian, G. (1978). Components of the frequency-following potential in man. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 44, 438-446.

Surwillo, W. W. (1971). Human reaction time and period of the EEG in relation to development. Psychophysiology, 8, 468.

Travis, T. A., Konko, C. Y., & Knott, J. R. (1974a). Parameters of eyes-closed alpha enhancement. Psychophysiology, 11, 674-681.

Travis, T. A., Kondo, C. Y., & Knott, J. R. (1974b). Personality variables and alpha enhancement: A correlative study. British Journal of Psychiatry, 124, 542-544.

Travis, T. A., Kondo, C. Y., & Knott, J. R. (1975). Subjective aspects of alpha enhancement. British Journal of Psychiatry, 127, 122-126.

Ulett, G. A., Akpinar, S., & Itil, T. M. (1972). Hypnosis: Physiological, pharmacological reality. American Journal of Psychiatry, 128, 799-805.

Walsh, D. H. (9174). Interactive effects of alpha feedback and instructional set on subjective state. Psychophysiology, 11, 428-435.

Watson, C. G., & Herder, J. (1980). Effectiveness of alpha biofeedback therapy: Negative results. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 36, 508-513.

Watson, C. G., Herder, J., & Passini, F. T. (1978). Alpha biofeedback therapy in alcoholics: An 18- month follow-up. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 34, 765-769.

Wieneke, G. H., Deinema, C. H., Spoelstra, P., Storm Van Leeuwen, W., & Versteeg, H. (1980). Normative spectral data on alpha rhythm in male adults. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 49, 636-645.

Williams, P. (1977). EEG alpha feedback: A comparison of two control groups. Psychosomatic Medicine, 39, 44-47.

Williams, P., & West, M. (1975). EEG responses to photic stimulation in persons experienced at meditation. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 39, 519-522.

Woodruff, D. S. (1975). Relationships among EEG alpha frequency, reaction time, and age: A biofeedback study. Psychophysiology, 12, 673- 681.

Yaguchi, K., & Iwahara, S. (1976). Temporal sequence of frequency specific and nonspecific effects of flickering lights upon the occipital electrical activity in man. Brain Research, 107, 27-38.

Yamada, O., Yamane, H., & Kodera, K. (1977). Simultaneous recordings of the brain stem response and the frequency-following response to low-frequency tone. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 43, 362-370.

Yates, A. J. (1980). Biofeedback and the modification of behavior. New York: Plenum Press.